Leiomyoma - Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

An intestinal leiomyoma is a benign tumor made up mostly of smooth muscle cells. A leiomyoma of the uterus is commonly called a fibroid. Uterine fibroids are the single most common indication for hysterectomy . Fibroids can be present and be inapparent. However, they are clinically apparent in up to 25% of women and cause significant morbidity , including prolonged or heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pressure or pain , and, in rare cases, reproductive dysfunction . Both the economic cost and the effect of fibroids on quality of life are substantial. Fibroids are not cancerous. Drugs that manipulate the levels of steroid hormones are effective in treating fibroids but side-effects limit their long-term use. Fibroids may be removed if they cause discomfort or if they are associated with uterine bleeding. Surgery is the mainstay of fibroid treatment. In addition to hysterectomy and abdominal myomectomy, various minimally invasive procedures have been developed to remove fibroids.

A leiomyoma is a benign smooth muscle neoplasm that is not premalignant . They can occur in any organ, but the most common forms occur in the uterus , small bowel and the esophagus. Fibroids tend to grow under the influence of estrogen, and regress when the estrogen levels are reduced. Thus, growth frequently occurs during pregnancy, followed by regression following delivery. After the onset of menopause, fibroids generally regress. High-dose birth control pills, by virtue of their high estrogen content, can cause fibroids to grow larger. Low-dose birth control pills , in contrast, leave circulating estrogen levels the same (or reduced) and do not stimulate fibroid growth. Fibroids develop between the ages of 30–50. They are never seen in women less than 20 years old. After menopause , if a woman does not take estrogen , fibroids shrink . It appears that African-American women are much more likely to develop uterine fibroids. Fibroids are divided into different types, depending on the location. Submucous fibroids are found in the uterine cavity ; intramural fibroids grow on the wall of the uterus; and subserous fibroids are located on the outside of the uterus. Many fibroids are so large that they fit into more than one category. The symptoms caused by fibroids are often related to their location.

Symptoms of Leiomyoma

Signs and symptoms of keratoses may include:

• Nipples.
• Genitals or uterus.
• Varies depending on site.
• May be asymptomatic.

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