Basal Cell Epithelioma - Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

Basal cell carcinoma is also called basal cell epithelioma and basal cell cancer. This type of cancer can have many different appearances. The usual cause of Basal cell cancer is chronic sun overexposure , sunburns and disfigurement to the skin and nearby structures. If left untreated for long periods, it could potentially even burrow into structures as deep as the brain. Basal cell carcinoma is usually a problem for people with fair skin and a poor ability to tan. Other determining factors include your family's history of skin cancer problems and an impaired immune system. The skin has several layers and kinds of cells. The outermost part of the skin is called the epidermis. It is where most skin cancers start. the cell is devided to three kinds first is scaly cells on the surface called squamous cells second is round cells called and basal cells; and this cells called melanocytes, which give your skin its color. These three cell types each can develop a distinctive type of cancer. The type of cancer is named after the cell- Squamous cell carcinoma , Basal Cell Carcinoma or Melanoma . Basal cell carcinoma is less serious than the other two types of skin cancer. While it rarely metastasizes it will cause extensive local damage if not treated. The factors that influence the choice of treatment are the size, shape, location and type of basal cell cancer, and the particular expertise of the dermatologist. Other factors to consider are the availability of special facilities, the age and health of the patient and whether cancer is a recurrence of a previously treated site. Small basal cell cancers, less than one half an inch, can be treated by many methods. Most commonly used is curettage and electrodessication. Other commonly used treatments are surgical excision and cryosurgery.

Causes of Basal Cell Epithelioma

Common Causes of Basal-Cell-Epithelioma :

• Exposure to inorganic arsenic.
• Ultraviolet light in sunlight
• Nodular.
• Risk factors include chronic sun exposure, light-skinned complexion (especially those with blue or green eyes and blond hair), and radiation exposure (may play role).  Males are at risk, but women with are also at risk.

Symptoms of Basal Cell Epithelioma

The common Symptoms of Basal-Cell-Epithelioma :

• Scar like appearance
• Shiny and waxy looking bump
• Melanoma.
• Brown-gray (may be reddish) nodules on the scalp, face, ear, neck, back, and chest
• "Pearly" appearance
• Area affected grows slowly.
• Skin erosion that does not heal.

Treatment of Basal Cell Epithelioma

• Curettage and electrodesiccation.
• Topical fluorouracil is often used for superficial lesions. This medication produces marked local irritation or inflammation in the involved tissue but no systemic effects.
• Avoid excess sun exposure is the best prevention.
• Radiation treatment.
• Cryotherapy, using liquid nitrogen, freezes the cells and kills them.

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