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Retinal Detachment

Retinal tears commonly occur when there is traction on the retina by the vitreous gel inside the eye.Underneath the retina is the choroid - a thin layer of blood vessels that supplies oxygen and nutrients to the retina.Retinal detachment occurs when the retina separates from the choroid.This allows fluid to seep underneath, weakening the attachment so that the retina becomes detached - rather like wallpaper peeling off a damp wall.The retina receives oxygen and nutrients from the underlying choroid (vascular layer) of the eye.When a retinal detachment occurs, the detached retina begins to dysfunction, and ultimately, necrosis (death) ensues as a result if the retina is not reattached to the underlying choroid.The retina will degenerate and lose its ability to function if it remains detached. In some cases there may be small areas of the retina that are torn.These areas, called retinal tears or retinal breaks, can lead to retinal detachment.Over time, the vitreous gradually becomes thinner, more liquid and separates from the retina. PVDs are typically harmless and cause floaters in the eye; but in some cases, the traction on the retina may create a tear. Retinal tears frequently lead to detachments as fluids seep underneath the retina, causing it to separate and detach.

Next to central retinal artery occlusion and chemical burns to the eye, retinal detachment is one of the most time-critical eye emergencies encountered in the ED.Over time, the vitreous gradually becomes thinner, more liquid and separates from the retina. ). The center of the retina is called the macula and is the only part capable of fine detailed vision, i.e. reading vision, recognizing faces, etc.The remainder of the retina , the peripheral retina, is for side vision.The choroid is a vascular membrane containing large branched pigment cells sandwiched between the retina and sclera. Retinal detachment is a medical emergency, and time is critical.Unless the detached retina is promptly surgically reattached, this condition can cause permanent loss of vision in the affected eyevitreous membranes, such as that which may occur in proliferative diabetic retinopathy) .Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), secondary to long-standing retinal detachment.The good news is that warning signs often appear before retinal detachment occurs, and early diagnosis and treatment by a specialist trained in eye diseases and conditions (ophthalmologist) can save your vision When detached, the retina cannot compose a clear picture from the incoming rays and vision becomes blurred and dim.

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